28 Gauge vs. 20 Gauge: Choosing the Right Shotgun Gauge
Choosing between a 28-gauge and a 20-gauge shotgun often comes down to personal preference and intended use. Both are popular choices, particularly among bird hunters and those who appreciate lighter recoil, but they offer distinct advantages and disadvantages. This comprehensive comparison will help you decide which gauge is right for you.
What is the Difference in Shell Size?
The most significant difference lies in the shell size. The gauge number refers to the number of lead balls, each with a diameter equal to the bore diameter, that would weigh one pound. Therefore, a 20-gauge shotgun has a larger bore diameter than a 28-gauge shotgun, meaning it fires a larger shell and, consequently, a larger payload of shot. This directly impacts recoil, shot pattern, and effective range.
28 Gauge: Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages:
- Light Recoil: The smaller shell size makes the 28-gauge ideal for beginners, younger shooters, and those sensitive to recoil. This lighter recoil allows for quicker follow-up shots, crucial in fast-paced bird hunting.
- Lightweight: 28-gauge shotguns are generally lighter than 20-gauge counterparts, making them easier to carry and handle during long hunting trips.
- Maneuverability: The lighter weight and smaller size contribute to increased maneuverability in dense cover.
Disadvantages:
- Less Powerful: The smaller shot payload means a less powerful shot with reduced range and potentially less effective patterns at longer distances. This can be a disadvantage when hunting larger birds or at longer ranges.
- Limited Shell Availability: While availability has improved, 28-gauge ammunition may be less readily available in some regions compared to 20-gauge.
- Higher Cost Per Shot (Sometimes): In some instances, 28-gauge shells might cost slightly more per round than 20-gauge shells.
20 Gauge: Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages:
- More Powerful: The larger shell size results in a more powerful shot, offering greater range and better knockdown power, especially important when hunting larger game or at longer distances.
- Wider Shell Availability: 20-gauge ammunition is widely available almost everywhere.
- Versatility: The 20-gauge offers versatility, suitable for hunting a wide range of game birds and even some small game.
Disadvantages:
- Heavier Recoil: The larger shell size leads to significantly more recoil than the 28-gauge, which can be fatiguing for extended shooting sessions and challenging for less experienced shooters.
- Heavier Weight: 20-gauge shotguns tend to be heavier than 28-gauge shotguns, impacting maneuverability, especially in dense cover.
Which Gauge is Right for Me? Considerations for Choosing
The "best" gauge depends on your individual needs and preferences:
- Beginner or Youth Shooter: The 28-gauge's lighter recoil is highly advantageous for beginners learning to shoot or young shooters developing their skills.
- Bird Hunting in Dense Cover: The 28-gauge's lighter weight and maneuverability shine in dense cover where quick target acquisition is critical.
- Long-Range Shooting or Larger Birds: The 20-gauge's greater power and range make it a better choice for hunting larger birds or at longer distances.
- Physical Strength and Recoil Sensitivity: Consider your tolerance for recoil; if you're sensitive to recoil, the 28-gauge is preferable.
What about other gauges?
While this comparison focuses on 28 and 20 gauge, it’s important to consider other options like 12 gauge and even smaller gauges like .410 bore. 12 gauge is the most powerful and popular but also the hardest hitting. .410 is the smallest and lightest but requires precise shot placement.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference in the pattern of a 28 gauge vs. a 20 gauge? Generally, a 20-gauge will produce a slightly wider pattern than a 28-gauge, due to the larger shot charge and higher velocity. However, choke constriction plays a significant role in pattern density and spread.
Which gauge is better for upland bird hunting? Both are excellent choices for upland bird hunting. The 28-gauge excels in dense cover, while the 20-gauge offers greater range and power for longer shots or larger birds.
Which gauge is easier to shoot? The 28-gauge is considerably easier to shoot due to its significantly lower recoil.
Ultimately, handling both gauges at a shooting range before making a purchase is highly recommended. This allows you to personally assess the recoil, weight, and feel of each, guiding your decision toward the best fit for your shooting style and hunting needs.
